Resumo Pacientes portadores de doença arterial obstrutiva periférica com isquemia crítica do membro associada a infecção de prótese vascular apresentam elevadas taxas morbimortalidade e alto risco de perda do membro. Apresentamos o caso de um paciente masculino de 76 anos com isquemia crítica do membro inferior esquerdo associada a infecção de prótese vascular femoropoplítea. Utilizamos abordagem híbrida para o tratamento com acesso cirúrgico das regiões inguinais e poplíteas, sendo a prótese vascular utilizada como acesso endovascular para recanalização direta da artéria femoral superficial devido a obstrução longa e extensa calcificação, que impediram as tentativas iniciais de tratamento endovascular. Após a recanalização endovascular, a prótese infectada foi retirada. O avanço das técnicas e materiais endovasculares em associação com a cirurgia aberta permitem novas soluções para pacientes quando os procedimentos habituais falham.

Abstract Patients with severe arterial obstructive disease and critical limb ischemia associated with vascular graft infection have elevated morbidity and mortality rates and are at high risk of limb loss. We present the case of a 76-year-old male patient with left lower limb critical ischemia and a femoropopliteal vascular graft infection. We used a hybrid treatment approach with an open surgical approach to the inguinal and popliteal regions and used the vascular prosthesis as endovascular access for direct recanalization of the superficial femoral artery, because the long occlusion and extensive calcification had frustrated initial attempts at endovascular treatment. After endovascular recanalization, the infected graft was removed. Used in conjunction with open surgery, advances in endovascular techniques and materials offer new solutions for patients when usual procedures fail.

OBJECTIVES: This study tests the hypothesis that local or remote ischemic preconditioning may protect the intestinal mucosa against ischemia and reperfusion injuries resulting from temporary supraceliac aortic clamping. METHODS: Twenty-eight Wistar rats were divided into four groups: the sham surgery group, the supraceliac aortic occlusion group, the local ischemic preconditioning prior to supraceliac aortic occlusion group, and the remote ischemic preconditioning prior to supraceliac aortic occlusion group. Tissue samples from the small bowel were used for quantitative morphometric analysis of mucosal injury, and blood samples were collected for laboratory analyses. RESULTS: Supraceliac aortic occlusion decreased intestinal mucosal length by reducing villous height and elevated serum lactic dehydrogenase and lactate levels. Both local and remote ischemic preconditioning mitigated these histopathological and laboratory changes. CONCLUSIONS: Both local and remote ischemic preconditioning protect intestinal mucosa against ischemia and reperfusion injury following supraceliac aortic clamping.

O tratamento endovascular da doença aneurismática da artéria renal tem sido, cada vez mais, aceito como uma alternativa à cirurgia convencional, especialmente em casos de aneurismas complexos intra-parenquimatosos ou que comprometam a bifurcação da artéria renal. Os autores relatam a experiência do tratamento endovascular de uma paciente com aneurisma sacular da bifurcação da artéria renal direita, associado à hipertensão renovascular de difícil controle. Foi realizada a cateterização seletiva da artéria renal, com a inserção de micromolas no saco aneurismático. O aneurisma foi completamente ocluído com preservação total do fluxo sanguíneo renal. A evolução clínica foi satisfatória com redução significativa das medicações anti-hipertensivas. A angio-tomografia de controle, após o oitavo mês do procedimento, confirmou o sucesso do tratamento.

Endovascular treatment of renal artery aneurysmal disease has been increasingly accepted as an alternative to conventional surgery, especially in cases of renal artery bifurcation or complex intrarenal aneurysms. The authors report a case of endovascular treatment of a saccular aneurysm of the right renal artery bifurcation associated with poorly controlled renovascular hypertension. Selective catheterization of the renal artery was performed and microcoils were inserted into the aneurysmal sac. The aneurysm was completely obliterated with total preservation of renal blood flow. Clinical evolution was satisfactory with significant reduction in anti-hypertensive drugs. Control tomographic angiography, after eight months, confirmed treatment success.